• Technical Committees
  • 292-MCC : Mechanical Characterization and Structural design of Textile Reinforced Concrete
292-MCC : Mechanical Characterization and Structural design of Textile Reinforced Concrete
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Technical Committee 292-MCC


General Information

Chair: Prof. Barzin MOBASHER
Deputy Chair: Dr Flávio DE ANDRADE SILVA
Activity starting in: 2019
Cluster C

Subject matter

The development of textile reinforced concrete (TRC) field has generated tremendous interest in the international scientific community and several research groups in the field [1,2 ,3 ,4 ,5]. TRC materials are lightweight, ductile, strong, and have the potential to be used as structural components taking tensile, cyclic and impact loads. The advancements in the textile technology specifically directed at the use in cement based materials has also led to composites with an order of magnitude higher in strength and two orders of magnitude higher in ductility than conventional fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). The TRC are increasingly being developed using innovative fabrics, matrices and innovative manufacturing processes.

Led by the RILEM leadership, several previous committees have addressed TRC materials in the past 14 years. The first TRC committee was formed in July 2002, the RILEM TC 201-TRC (Textile Reinforced Concrete) [6,7]. The work of this committee was followed by a second committee Technical Committee 232-TDT addressing Test methods and design of textile reinforced concrete, led by Professor Wolfgang Brameshuber in between 2009 to 2014. This is a new proposal to ask for formation of a new RILEM Committee on Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) materials to address Analysis and Design with TRC materials. One major item is the cooperation with ACI 549 – Thin concrete elements, where similar topics are also addressed. The proposed TC will continue the work in recommendations of test methods and work out a manual for design of the composites. At the beginning, the state-of-the-art-report will be updated, and the results of a round robin test conducted earlier will be incorporated in the new work plan towards the development of design tools and guides. The expected outcomes include the develop a set of recommendations and design manual [8].

Fabric reinforced cement composites constitute a recent addition to the family of cement based composite materials. Various research groups have developed a wealth of recent information pertaining the methodologies, properties, and areas of applications for fabric reinforced cement based materials [9,10,11,12,]. The theoretical framework will address aspects of multi-scale modeling, analytical tools to predict and design components for tensile, flexural, and shear loading of TRC composite systems [13,14, 15]. The range of applications are expected to address classes of strain hardening composites that exhibit distributed cracking mechanisms and will cover materials such as textile reinforced [1], ferrocement [16], Glass fiber reinforced concrete [17], UHPFRC [18], HPFRC [19]. Development of design models for strain hardening cement composites for structural applications requires ductility based design guidelines to predict tensile, flexural, and shear strength. The proposed approaches may be based on conventional engineering design tools used in the building codes and include structural analysis codes, limit analysis, plastic analysis, and allowable stress based design procedures.

The main objective of high ductility designs is based on using a rational serviceability based approach. Applications include highly ductile fatigue and impact resistance, industrial structures, and transportation structure components. In these systems post-cracking stress capacity extends over a large strain range using a reduced stiffness parameter. Unlike cases that address fracture localization, crack propagation that is resisted by fiber bridging requires substantial energy for extension, hence secondary cracks form and for a structurally indeterminate system with multiple crack paths form hinge mechanisms in the context of limit analysis. Design procedures are therefore based on multiple distributed cracking mechanisms and macroscopic pseudo-strain hardening behaviors [20,21,22].

 

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  1. Proceedings pro075 : International RILEM Conference on Material Science - 2nd ICTRC - Textile Reinforced Concrete - Theme 1, Edited by W. Brameshuber, ISBN: 978-2-35158-106-3 e-ISBN: 978-2-35158-107-0 Pages: 374, Publication date: 2010
  2. SP-251CD: Design & Applications of Textile-Reinforced Concrete, SP251CD Editor: Corina-Maria Aldea Sponsored by: ACI Committee 549, 2008
  3. Report 36: Textile Reinforced Concrete - State-of-the-Art Report of RILEM TC . 2006
  4. SP-250CD: Textile Reinforced Concrete, Editor: Ashish Dubey, ACI Committee 549, Vol: 250, 2008, ACI SP Special Publication Volume: 250
  5. Kruger, M. Ozbolt, J., and Reinhardt, H.W., "A New 3D Discrete Bond Model to Study The Influence of Bond on Structural Performance of Thin Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Plates", Proc., 4th Int. RILEM Workshop on High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites (HPFRCC4), Eds. A.E., Naaman and H.W., Reindhart, Ann Arbor, 2003, pp. 49-63.
  6. Brameshuber, W., Koster, M., Hegger, J., Voss. S., Gries, T. , Barle, M., Reinhardt, H.-W., Krüger, M., : Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) for Integrated Formworks. In: 12. Internationale Techtextil-Symposium für technische Textilien, Vliesstoffe und textilarmierte Werkstoffe. . Messe Frankfurt GmbH, 07.04.03-10.04.03, Frankfurt. Frankfurt: 2003, 4.23. - CD-Rom
  7. Kruger, M. Ozbolt, J., and Reinhardt, H.W., "A New 3D Discrete Bond Model to Study The Influence of Bond on Structural Performance of Thin Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Plates", Proceeding of the Fourth International RILEM Workshop on High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites (HPFRCC4), Eds. A.E., Naaman and H.W., Reindhart, Ann Arbor, 2003, pp. 49-63.
  8. Kolloquium zu textilbewehrten Tragwerken - 6th Colloquium on Textile Reinforced Structures (CTRS6), 2011, Berlin
  9. Meyer C., and Vilkner G., "Glass Concrete Thin Sheets Prestressed with Aramid Fiber Mesh" Proceeding of the Fourth International RILEM Workshop on High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites (HPFRCC4), Eds. A.E., Naaman and H.W., Reindhart, Ann Arbor, 2003, pp. 325-336.
  10. Brameshuber, W., Brockmann, T., Hegger, J., Molter, M., Textilbeton - Betontechnologie und Tragverhalten, Untersuchungen zum Textilbewehrten Beton, Beton 09/2002, Seiten 424-429, (2002).
  11. Jesse, F.; Curbach, M.: A new approach for determining geometrical properties of glass fibre reinforcement in grc composites. In: di Prisco, M.; Felicetti, R,; Plizzari, G. A.. (Hrsg.): Fibre-Reinforced Concretes: Proceedings of the "Sixth International RILEM-Symposium - BEFIB 2004", Varenna, 20.-22.9.2004. Bagneux : RILEM, 2004, S. 267-278.
  12. Peled, A. and Mobasher, B.,”Pultruded Fabric-Cement Composites,” ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 102 , No. 1, pp. 15-23, 2005.
  13. Soranakom, C., and Mobasher B., Design Flexural Analysis and Design of Textile Reinforced Concrete Textile Reinforced Structures : Proceedings of the 4nd Colloquium on Textile Reinforced Structures (CTRS4) und zur 1. Anwendertagung, SFB 528, Technische Universität Dresden, Eigenverlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-86780-122-5, pp. 273-288.
  14. Peled, A., Bentur, A., and Mobasher, B., Textile Reinforced Concrete, CRC press, 2016
  15. Mobasher, B., Barsby, C., “Flexural Design Of Strain Hardening Cement Composites”, Proceedings 2nd International RILEM Conference on Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites, (SHCC2-Rio)”,2012 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, pp. 53-60.
  16. Naaman, A.E., and Shah, S.P., “Tensile Test of Ferrocement,” J Amer Concrete Inst, V.68, No.9, Sept. 1971, pp. 693-698.
  17. Marikunte S., Aldea, C., and Shah, S.P., “Durability of Glass Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites: Effect of Silica Fume and Metakaolin,” Elsevier Science, 1997, No.5, pp.100-108.
  18. Kim, D-J., Naaman, A.E. and El-Tawil, S. (2010), Correlation between Tensile and Bending Behavior of FRC Composites with Scale Effect,Proceedings of FraMCoS-7, 7th International Conference on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures, May 23-28, 2010, Jeju Island, South Korea
  19. Mobasher, B., Mechanics of Fiber and Textile Reinforced Cement Composites, Taylor and Francis Group, CRC press, Sept, 2011, 471 pp.
  20. Hawkins, N., and Mitchell, D., 1979, “Progressive Collapse of Flat Plate Structures,” ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings 76, No. 7, July, pp. 755-808.
  21. Sasani, M., and Sagiroglu, S., 2008, “Progressive Collapse of Reinforced Concrete Structures: A Multihazard Perspective,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 105, No. 1, Jan.-Feb., pp. 96-103.
  22. Udilovich, K.; Shleykov, I.; and Banchuzhnyy, M. V., 2010, “Design of Flat-Plate Floors for Progressive Collapse Using Yield-Line Analysis,” Concrete International, V. 32, No. 7, July, pp. 37.

Terms of reference

Proposed outcomes and technical reports of this committee will be communicated among the members using publications, reports, computational tools, and software. The following discussions address the various aspects of the proposed efforts:

  1. A review of material models that take into account the tension softening and tension stiffening effect for TRC materials to address ductility-durability-serviceability measures. The STAR report will address various areas of research need and failure mechanisms and the interaction of various failure modes that need to be addressed and integrated into the design protocol.
  2. Integration of Testing, analysis, and design procedures to use material models in structural analysis software. Both material and structural design can then be concurrently addressed. Analytical or numerical solution strategies are instrumental in design and analysis of composite systems such as beams, slabs, walls, and buried structures.
  3. Solutions for sustainable development of infrastructure systems using blended cements, thermal energy considerations of concrete buildings, repair of existing structures, blast, impact, and high ductility required designs, use of natural fibers, and statistical process control will be showcased.

Detailed working programme

- Literature survey and topical presentations
During each meeting, literature survey and associated presentations shall be planned. Subsequent literature will be also collected by members of the TC.
- State-of-the-art report
The results of the literature survey will be compiled in a state-of-the-art report. The results of the recent TC report will be integrated in to the design procedures to address various design aspects in which areas the members are involved.
- Recommendation
At the end of the evaluation and discussion of various test procedures, recommended practices will be prepared for standardized manuals. The recommendations shall be submitted for publication in Materials & Structures.
- Workshop
Several symposia and workshops are planned for presentation of the TC´s work and discussion of the recommended practices. It is hoped that other experts who are not member of the TC will contribute to the conferences planned. The
proceedings of the conferences shall be prepared, and possibly be published as the special issue of Materials & Structures.
- Literature (please see the references section)
-Previous meetings: During the last two years we have hosted two meetings in order to establish this new technical committee on TRC:
- Meeting at TU Dresden, September 17th, 2017 from 10:00 to 16:00 at the TU Dresden, Germany
- Meeting at Desenzano del Garda, July 27th, 2018 from 10:00 to 16:00 at the hotel Acquaviva del Garda in Italy.
From the meetings 5 working groups were created  :
WG 1 – Materials and material systems
WG 2 – Constitutive modeling
WG 3 – New Elements
WG 4 - Retrofitting
WG 5 – Durability and sustainability

Technical environment

This is a follow-up committee of TC 201-TRC and TC 232-TDT: Test methods and design of textile reinforced concrete. This TC is linked well with the other efforts currently under development with respect to high performance concrete materials such UHPC materials since there are currently no design methodologies available for strain hardening cement composites. In addition, close working relations with ACI Committee 549 on thin sections and ACI 544-Fiber Reinforced Concrete are essential as the members of these committees will also be serving on the proposed TC. The chair of this proposed TC also serves as the Convener of Cluster A, Chair of ACI 544 and Subcommittee Chair for Design of thin sections with ACI 549 and is committed to the proposed RILEM committee and will make every effort possible to bring more interested young researchers into this area.

Expected achievements

The following achievements are promisingly expected and produced based on the past closely related TC activities:

  • RILEM recommendations and recommended practices for design with TRC materials.
  • Workshop proceedings, possible special issue of Materials & Structures.
  • Training courses for graduate students and researchers in the TRC area, followed by the Summer courses offered at Milan Politecnico di Milano in 2013 and 2019, and Technical University of Dresden in 2015 and 2019
  • Publishing standards and reports with ASTM, fib, and ACI as well as ISO.

Group of users

Testing laboratories, Owners of infrastructure, Construction companies, and Universities

Specific use of the results

There is a tremendous potential for the worldwide use of textile materials for reinforcement of civil infrastructure systems such as cement composites, geotechnical-pavement, water distribution, and housing applications. This demand could be growing exponentially if the potential benefits of the system and the methodology to design and manufacture them become more widely available. TRC composites demonstrate significant improvements in strength and ductility under both static and dynamic loading. Different operating mechanisms have been implemented in the materials design as the underlying toughening mechanisms of textiles in cement products has led to better processing and optimization of structure and geometry. Presently, there are many applications for TRC materials with their superior mechanical performance. Textiles are perfectly suited with efficient production methods including filament winding, extrusion, and pultrusion. Advanced textiles and modified rheology of the matrix allow incorporation of a higher proportion of fibers thus allowing for reduced construction costs, automation of manufacturing, increased productivity, and reduction in raw materials utilization.

There are numerous life cycle cost and economic advantages of using TRC fiber composite systems in structural applications that need to be quantified and supported by the appropriate design guidelines. A key advantage is the labor and construction time reduction attributed to field constructions such as installation of layers of rebars and stirrups. As TRC is a lightweight manufactured product , time savings of several days for large to medium projects could be obtained. In cases of field installation, since the reinforcement is in the form of textiles, it can be easily placed on any curved surface and corner without the need for heavy equipment. From a safety perspective, an overall operational simplification at the jobsite significantly improves the physical and labor intensive tasks thus resulting in improved safety. From a design perspective, integration of reinforcement at the material level enhances ductility and load redistribution results in reductions in significant weight. The
omission of reinforcing wire meshes or layers of rebars significantly improves mobility and safety of personnel, labor efficiency as well as serviceability and improved durability, resulting in reduced need for maintenance and repair operations. Unless, the research and practicing engineers develop appropriate design guides for these materials, we would be unable to guarantee the future growth of this field.